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以不同品种甜玉米和糯玉米幼胚为供试材料,研究了不同培养基对愈伤组织诱导、继代和分化的影响,并在高温条件下筛选玉米耐热性变异体。结果表明:采用含有低浓度2,4-D的N6为玉米幼胚诱导培养基,可产生一定比例的变异,愈伤组织诱导率高,质量较好;MS培养基适于分化;温度渐变法可以保证幼胚能够在产生耐热变异的同时不至于死亡,并在最后进行了恢复培养,即温度恢复到适温,淘汰不稳定愈伤组织,得到相对稳定的耐热性变异体;通过测定愈伤组织游离脯氨酸浓度、再生植株叶片质膜相对透性和叶片相对失水率,确定玉米胚变异体的耐热程度。
The effects of different media on the induction, subculture and differentiation of callus were studied with different varieties of sweet corn and waxy maize immature embryos. The heat-tolerance variants of maize were screened at high temperature. The results showed that the medium containing N6 with low concentration 2,4-D could induce a certain percentage of mutation, the callus induction rate was high and the quality was good. The MS medium was suitable for differentiation. The temperature gradient method Can ensure that immature embryos can produce heat-resistant mutations without death, and in the final recovery culture, that is, the temperature returned to the appropriate temperature, out of unstable callus to obtain relatively stable heat-resistant variants; by measuring Callus free proline concentration, the relative permeability of the plasma membrane of the regenerated plants and the relative water loss rate of the leaves, and the heat tolerance of the maize embryos was determined.