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使用高真空电弧熔炼炉熔炼了不同Si含量的30Cr13不锈钢试样。经扩散退火、淬火加低温回火后,进行硬度与拉伸性能测试,采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段分析了30Cr13不锈钢显微组织和碳化物形貌及相组成。结果表明,在相同热处理条件下,随着Si含量的增加,显微组织逐渐由马氏体转变为铁素体;抗拉强度和硬度先增加后减小,在Si含量为1.00%时达到最高值;伸长率先增加再变小,在Si为1.5%时塑性最好;试样中碳化物质量分数随Si增加而递增,析出相主要为M_(23)C_6型(Cr_(15.58)Fe_(7.42)C_6)碳化物,同时伴有少量Cr7C3型碳化物。
30Cr13 stainless steel samples of different Si contents were smelted using a high vacuum arc melting furnace. The microstructure of the composite was characterized by means of diffusion annealing, quenching and tempering at low temperature. The hardness and tensile properties of the composite were tested by optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction 30Cr13 stainless steel microstructure and carbide morphology and phase composition. The results show that under the same heat treatment, the microstructure changes from martensite to ferrite with the increase of Si content. The tensile strength and hardness first increase and then decrease, reaching the highest at Si content of 1.00% The elongation increases first and then decreases, and the plasticity is best when the Si content is 1.5%. The mass fraction of carbides in the sample increases with Si increasing. The precipitates are mainly M_ (23) C_6 (Cr_ (15.58) Fe_ 7.42) C_6) carbides, accompanied by a small amount of Cr7C3 carbides.