现今肾移植领域取得的移植肾1年成活率达90％～95％的成绩是在透析治疗改进的同时,通过移植免疫生物学深入的科学研究而实现的。与此相应的是免疫抑制药物的发展。直至今天这些药物仍是广泛使用的基础药物,它们的单独和联合应用几乎完全取代了移植早期使用的方法如全身照射、脾切除、胸导管引流、血浆置换和输血。应用这些药物虽可获得免疫抑制的全面改善,但并不是没有危害的,这就要求继续寻找更好的方法。 Achievements of 90% ~ 95% of the 1-year survival rate of renal transplant recipients in the current kidney transplant field are achieved through further scientific research in immunobiology while improving dialysis treatment. Corresponding to this is the development of immunosuppressive drugs. Until today, these drugs are still widely used as basic medicines. Their single and combined use almost completely replaced the methods used in the early stages of transplantation such as whole body irradiation, splenectomy, thoracic duct drainage, plasma exchange and blood transfusion. Although the overall improvement in immunosuppression can be achieved using these drugs, it is not without harm, and this calls for continued search for better methods.