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目的研究宁波地区儿童肺炎支原体感染的流行病学情况。方法对2009年11月-2012年10月在宁波大学医学院附属医院和宁波市妇女儿童医院,因呼吸道感染住院的患儿4985例血清标本,采用颗粒凝集法检测肺炎支原体特异性抗体。结果 4985例患儿血清标本肺炎支原体抗体的总阳性率为31.27%(1559例);男性阳性率为29.35%(768/2617),女性阳性率为33.40%(791/2368),两者阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(#2=4.40,P<0.01);肺炎支原体抗体阳性率最高季节在第四季度(10月～12月),为37.32%;肺炎支原体抗体阳性率最高年龄组位于4岁～6岁组为39.67%,其次是1岁～3岁为35.87%。结论肺炎支原体是宁波地区儿童呼吸道感染的主要病原体,其分布特点有性别、年龄、季节差异,低龄儿童和第四季度分别是肺炎支原体感染的高峰年龄组和高峰季节。
Objective To study the epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children in Ningbo. Methods 4985 serum specimens from hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection were collected from November 2009 to October 2012 in Ningbo Medical University Affiliated Hospital and Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital, and the mycoplasma pneumoniae specific antibodies were detected by particle agglutination. Results The total positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody in serum of 4985 pediatric patients was 31.27% (1559 cases). The positive rate of males was 29.35% (768/2617) and the positive rate of females was 33.40% (791/2368) The difference was statistically significant (# 2 = 4.40, P <0.01). The highest positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody was in the fourth quarter (October-December), which was 37.32%. The highest positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody was in 4 39.67% were aged ~ 6 years old, followed by 35.87% aged 1 ~ 3 years old. Conclusions Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the main pathogen of respiratory tract infection in children in Ningbo. The distribution characteristics are gender, age and season. The young children and the fourth quarter are the peak age group and the peak season of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection respectively.