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为研究温室不同种植模式对土壤线虫群落结构的影响,探索以土壤线虫为指示生物,评价温室不同种植模式下土壤健康状况的敏感指标。本研究设置3个处理:有机种植模式(ORG)、无公害种植模式(LOW)和常规种植模式(CON),试验中对不同种植模式下土壤线虫群落各生态指数进行分析,结果显示:不同温室种植模式土壤线虫总数为有机模式>无公害模式>常规模式。土壤线虫具有明显的表聚性,线虫总数表层明显高于下层。3种种植模式下土壤线虫均以食细菌线虫为优势类群,食真菌线虫最少。线虫总属数为有机模式(39个属)>无公害模式(30个属)>常规模式(28个属)。香农指数(H′)和丰富度指数(SR)在种植模式间没有显著性差异,但总成熟指数(∑MI)、富集指数(EI)、结构指数(SI)和植物寄生线虫成熟指数(PPI)在种植模式间均差异显著(P<0.05),并且不论是0~10cm土层还是10~20cm土层,PPI均为常规模式最高。温室不同种植模式对土壤线虫群落垂直分布有影响。∑MI、PPI、EI和SI可作为不同温室种植模式的土壤健康评价的敏感指标,而H′指数和SR指数对种植模式响应不敏感。有机模式的土壤环境处于富集状态,食物网结构最稳定。
In order to study the effects of different planting modes in greenhouse on soil nematode community structure, we explored soil nematode as indicator organisms and evaluated the sensitive indicators of soil health under different planting modes in greenhouse. In this study, three treatments were set up: organic planting mode (ORG), pollution-free planting mode (LOW) and conventional planting mode (CON). The ecological index of soil nematode community in different planting modes were analyzed. The results showed that: The total number of soil nematodes in planting mode is organic mode> pollution-free mode> normal mode. Soil nematodes have obvious surface aggregation, the total surface layer of nematode was significantly higher than the lower. Soil nematodes were predominantly bacteria-eating nematodes under the three planting patterns, with the fewest fungi nematodes. The total number of nematodes was organic (39)> pollution-free (30)> normal (28). The Shannon index (H ’) and abundance index (SR) had no significant difference among the planting patterns, but the total ripeness index (ΣMI), enrichment index (EI), structural index (SI) and plant parasitic nematode maturity index PPI) were significantly different among the planting patterns (P <0.05), and the PPI was the highest in the conventional model, no matter in 0 ~ 10cm soil layer or 10 ~ 20cm soil layer. Different greenhouse planting patterns have an impact on the vertical distribution of soil nematode communities. ΣMI, PPI, EI and SI can be used as sensitive indicators of soil health evaluation in different greenhouse cultivation modes, while H ’and SR indexes are not sensitive to planting mode. Organic model of the soil environment is enriched, the food web structure is the most stable.