目的:研究汉中金银花基地忍冬多茬开花在产量、品质方面的差异,为金银花的适时采收和质量控制提供依据。方法:测定金银花4茬花产量指标,并利用HPLC、比色法分别测定第1,2茬花各阶段样品中绿原酸、总黄酮含量,利用超临界CO2流体萃取、GC-MS测定金银花挥发油组成。结果:在4茬花中,第1,2茬花占总产量的80%以上,第1茬花单株花蕾个数几乎是其他3茬花的总和。第1茬花折干率以三青期为最高,第2茬花折干率以二白期最高。在品质指标上,第1茬花的绿原酸和总黄酮含量明显高于第2茬花的,其中以二白期的最高,分别达到3.5%,13.2%。第2茬花则以三青期的绿原酸和总黄酮含量最高,分别达到2.7%,11.6%。对第1茬花5个生长发育阶段花蕾样品的挥发油均检出了19种成分,主要为3大类,即正构烷烃类、脂肪酸类和甾醇类,含量最高的是正二十九烷和正三十一烷,5个发育阶段的相对质量分数分别在40%,20%以上,维生素E的含量也比较高,为8.15%~10.43%,并检测到γ-5-谷甾烯-3-醇、5,2-豆甾二烯-3-醇和菜籽甾醇,其中前2种在挥发油中相对质量分数分别为4.90%~6.9%,1.06%~4.10%。结论:第1,2茬金银花对产量贡献最大,二白、大白期综合品质最好,挥发油中维生素E和甾体组分值得重视。 Objective: To study the differences in yield and quality of honeysuckle honeysuckle flowers in Hanzhong honeysuckle base, and to provide basis for timely harvesting and quality control of honeysuckle. Methods: The yield index of Flos Lonicerae was determined. The content of chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids in the samples of the first and second inflorescence stages were determined by HPLC and colorimetry. The volatile oil of honeysuckle was determined by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction and GC-MS. composition. Results: Among 4 flowers, the first and second inflorescences accounted for more than 80% of the total yield. The number of buds per plant in the first inflorescence was almost the sum of the other 3 inflorescences. The first dry flowering rate was the highest in the three green periods, and the second dry flowering rate was the highest in the second white period. In the quality index, the content of chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids in the first pods was significantly higher than that in the second pods, with the highest in the second tier, reaching 3.5% and 13.2%, respectively. On the other hand, the content of chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids in the third season was the highest, reaching 2.7% and 11.6%, respectively. 19 components were detected in the volatile oil from the buds of the first stage of growth and development, and they were mainly composed of three major categories, ie, n-alkanes, fatty acids and sterols. The highest content was positive nonacosanol and positive. The triacontane, 5 developmental stages of the relative mass fraction of 40%, respectively, more than 20%, vitamin E content is also relatively high, 8.15% ~ 10.43%, and detected γ-5 - gluten-3 The relative mass fractions of alcohols, 5,2-stigma dien-3-ol and rapeseed sterols in the first two volatile oils were 4.90%-6.9% and 1.06%-4.10%, respectively. Conclusion: The 1 st and 2 nd Flos Lonicerae contribute the most to the yield. The integrated quality of the two white and white phases is the best. The vitamin E and steroid components in the volatile oil are worthy of attention.