梁漱溟在中国思想文化领域有着突出的贡献,后人了解梁漱溟,莫过于当年在延安他与毛泽东就“如何建设一个新中国”进行辩论,针对西方社会“个人本位”、“阶级分化”的特点,梁漱溟提出了他认为的更加符合中国社会现实的“伦理本位”、“职业分途”的观点。当时的毛泽东则十分强调阶级和阶级斗争的作用,梁漱溟不同意的正是这一点。他认为,外国的中古社会,贵族与农民阶级对立鲜明,但中国的中古社会贫富贵贱不鲜明、不激烈、不固定。有句老话叫:“朝为田舍郎,暮登天子堂;将相本无种,男儿当 Liang Shuming has made outstanding contributions to the field of Chinese ideology and culture. Later generations learned about Liang Shuming, compared with the discussion held by Mao Zedong and Yan Zeng on the ”How to Build a New China“ in Yan’an in that year. In the light of the ”individual-oriented“ and ”class“ Liang Shu-ming put forward his point of view that ”ethics-based“ and ”career-separation“ that he thinks are more in line with the reality of Chinese society. Mao Tse-tung at the time emphasized the role of class and class struggle very much, and Liang Shu-ming disagreed with exactly this point. In his opinion, the opposition between the middle-aged foreign countries, the aristocrats and the peasantry is clear, but the wealth and cheapness of the Chinese society in the Middle Ages are not clear, intense and not fixed. There is an old saying: ”Toward the Tian Lang, Twilight Hall of Heaven; will phase no species, boys when