很多病毒通过吸附黏膜而感染宿主,因此,直接靶向黏膜表面的接种策略将有助于预防病毒感染。黏膜途径免疫的主要问题是免疫效果和/或黏膜的抗原吸附差,甚至引起宿主的免疫耐受。因此,运用与黏膜表面相容的佐剂来加强抗原的免疫原性至关重要。已有很多细菌毒素被用作黏膜佐剂,此 Many viruses infect the host by adsorbing the mucosa, so vaccination strategies that directly target the mucosal surface will help prevent viral infections. The major problems with mucosal immunity are immune effects and / or mucosal poor antigen adsorption, and even lead to host immune tolerance. Therefore, the use of mucosal compatible adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity of antigens is of crucial importance. Many bacterial toxins have been used as mucosal adjuvants, this