采用S-4800场发射扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、金相显微镜对钢板表面翘皮缺陷的形成原因进行了分析。结果表明:铸坯表面裂纹、保护渣卷渣、氧化铁皮压入是引起钢板表面翘皮缺陷的主要原因。在铸坯表面裂纹引起的翘皮缺陷处可观测到薄层高温氧化铁,附近分布着大量细小高温氧化圆点,且有脱碳迹象;在氧化铁皮压入引起的翘皮缺陷处只能检测到氧化铁而无其他成分;而保护渣卷渣引起的翘皮缺陷可在缺陷处检测到保护渣特征元素Na和K。 The reason of the formation of the skin defects on the steel surface was analyzed by S-4800 field emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and optical microscope. The results show that the main causes of the surface defects of the steel sheet are the surface cracks of the slab, the flux slag entrapment and the pressing of the oxide scale. A thin layer of high temperature iron oxide can be observed at the surface of the slab caused by the crack on the surface of the slab. A large number of fine high temperature oxidation dots are distributed nearby with signs of decarburization. Only the flaw defects caused by the pressing of the scale on the scale can only be detected To iron oxide without other components; and the flux residue caused by the skull defects can be detected at the defects of flux characteristics of the elements Na and K.