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目的探讨细胞凋亡与排斥反应、ＢＣＬ２及ＵＣＨＬ１表达之间的关系。方法收集１０例手术切除的无功能移植肾病理标本作为实验组，相应的移植术前活检组织作为对照组。采用免疫组织化学染色技术观测ＢＣＬ２及ＵＣＨＬ１在移植肾的表达，并观察其组织切片的形态学变化。结果对照组５０％以上的肾小管细胞ＢＣＬ２呈阳性表达，实验组ＢＣＬ２的表达明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１），尤其是当发生急性排斥反应时；ＵＣＨＬ１的表达，对照组表达ＵＣＨＬ１的Ｔ细胞很少，而实验组的阳性表达细胞呈多灶性或成片（Ｐ＜０．０１）。凋亡细胞呈现核固缩、核破裂，或出现凋亡小体等。凋亡细胞最常见于肾小管。结论观测细胞凋亡、ＵＣＨＬ１及ＢＣＬ２的表达可作为肾移植术后监测的重要指标。
Objective To investigate the relationship between apoptosis and rejection, BCL2 and UCHL1 expression. Methods Ten cases of surgically resected nephrotic nephropathy specimens were collected as experimental group and the corresponding preoperative biopsy tissues were taken as control group. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of BCL2 and UCHL1 in renal allograft. Morphological changes of the tissue sections were observed. Results In the control group, more than 50% of the tubular cells were positive for BCL-2, the expression of BCL-2 in the experimental group was significantly decreased (P <0.01), especially when acute rejection occurred; the expression of UCHL1 and the expression in the control group UCHL1 T cells few, while the experimental group of positive cells were multifocal or into pieces (P <0.01). Apoptotic cells showed nuclear pyknosis, nuclear rupture, or the appearance of apoptotic bodies. Apoptotic cells are most commonly found in the tubules. Conclusion Observed cell apoptosis, UCHL1 and BCL 2 expression can be used as an important indicator of renal transplantation monitoring.