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目的研究哈尔滨市新甲型H1N1流感病原学和基因特征,为流感防控提供实验室依据。方法收集哈尔滨市流感样病例标本,进行病毒分离和型别鉴定,选取新甲型H1N1流感流行株进行血凝素基因片断的核苷酸序列测定,构建系统进化树。结果 2009年-2012年哈尔滨市流感流行株分别为新甲型H1N1、季H3、季H1和乙型,2009年-2011年新甲型H1N1流感病毒HA基因核苷酸序列的同源性为97.7%~99.9%,与国际疫苗株的同源性为98.0%~99.4%。结论自2009年以来,哈尔滨市新甲型H1N1与季节性流感病毒交替成为流感优势流行株,其基因序列同源性较高,但随时间推移也在发生变化。序列同源性和进化关系表明疫苗可以给人群提供一定程度的保护。
Objective To study the etiology and genetics of influenza A (H1N1) in Harbin and provide a laboratory basis for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods Samples of influenza-like cases in Harbin were collected for virus isolation and type identification. The nucleotide sequence of the hemagglutinin gene fragment was selected and the phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results The strains of influenza H1N1, H3, H1 and B in Harbin from 2009 to 2012 and the homology of HA gene of the new influenza A (H1N1) virus from 2009 to 2011 were 97.7 % ~ 99.9%, with the international vaccine strains of 98.0% to 99.4%. Conclusion Since 2009, H1N1 and seasonal influenza viruses in Harbin have become the predominant pandemic strains of influenza. Their gene sequence homology is high, but they also change with the passage of time. Sequence homology and evolutionary relationships suggest that the vaccine may provide some protection to the population.