基于两种流体介质中声散射的修正的Kirchhoff近似,导出计算掩埋物回声的近似公式。应用回声计算的板块元方法和底质的地声模型,能够计算任意形状刚性掩埋物的回声特性。海底沉积层的影响主要反映在声波在底质中传播的衰减。界面的作用主要表现在声波经过两次折射或透射产生的损失。计算结果表明,用常规方式探测掩埋物时回声信混比总是很小, 探测是十分困难的。 Based on a modified Kirchhoff approximation of the acoustic scattering in the two fluid media, an approximate formula for calculating the echo of the buried patch is derived. The echo-computed plate-element method and the ground acoustic model of the substrate allow the calculation of the echogenic properties of rigid-shaped embeds of arbitrary shape. The effects of seabed sediments are mainly reflected in the attenuation of sound waves propagating in the sediment. The role of the interface mainly in the sound waves after two refraction or transmission losses. The calculation results show that the echo-mixing ratio is always very small when the buried objects are detected by the conventional method, and the detection is very difficult.