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量子密钥分发采用单光子作为信息载体,结合经典保密通信系统中的一次一密体制,可在理论上实现绝对安全的保密通信。采用拉格朗日乘数法对只选择一种算子的主动相位补偿攻击模型的量子误码率进行了系统分析,得到了量子误码率的分布规律。在此基础上,对结合多种算子进行测量的攻击模型进行了理论模拟,结果显示,在选择不同算子进行攻击时,附加误码率随着比特比值(最终量子密钥中比特0和比特1的比值)的变化而变化,在比特比值接近1的情况下,窃听所引入的附加误码率也不同,这对基于经典交互过程的实际安全性问题的研究有一定的参考价值。
Quantum key distribution using single-photon as the information carrier, combined with the classic one-secret system of secure communication system, can be absolutely secure in theory to achieve secure communication. The quantum error rate of active phase compensation attack model which only selects one operator is analyzed by Lagrange multiplier method, and the distribution law of quantum bit error rate is obtained. On the basis of this, a theoretical simulation of the attack model combined with multiple operators is carried out. The results show that when different operators are chosen to attack, the additional bit error rate increases with bit ratio (the final quantum key in bits 0 and The ratio of bit 1 to bit 1) changes. When the bit ratio is close to 1, the extra bit error rate introduced by eavesdropping is also different, which is of some reference value for the research on the actual security problem based on the classical interaction process.