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药物过敏反应包括抗原和抗体的相互作用,细胞活性介质的释放,机体对这些物质的反应等三方面的变化。它不是正常药理作用的加重,而是药物作用性质上的反常:是一些特异质的人对药物“质”的过敏,而不是“量”的中毒。各种药物和各种用药方式对一些过敏体质的人都可能出现过敏,危害程度也极不相同。它可以从轻微的皮疹,到急剧的休克而致死亡。用药到出现症状,可以从一瞬间到数天(很少超过72小时),也可能出现在连续用药之中。我院曾发生过一例辅酶Q_(10)引起过敏休克和一例迟发型的普鲁卡因过敏——末稍神经炎。此二例过敏反应因报道甚少,今提出以滋警惕。
Drug allergic reactions include antigen and antibody interactions, the release of cell-mediated activity, the body’s response to these three changes. It is not aggravating the normal pharmacological effects, but rather the anomalous nature of the drug’s action: it is the allergy of some specific people to the “substance” of the drug, not the poison of “quantity”. A variety of drugs and various modes of administration of allergies for some people may be allergic, the degree of harm is also very different. It can cause death from a mild rash to a dramatic shock. Symptoms can be taken from the moment of treatment to a few days (rarely more than 72 hours), or may occur in continuous use. In our hospital, there was a case of coenzyme Q_ (10) -induced anaphylactic shock and a late-onset procaine allergic-terminal neuritis. The two cases of allergic reactions due to very little report, now put forward vigilance.