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咸丰末年(1856—1860),中国遭受了第二次鸦片战争的祸害,清王朝被迫与侵略各国签订了一系列丧权辱国的条约。事后不久,洋务派最高权力人物恭亲王奕诉(1832—1898)等人,即于咸丰十年冬(1861年1月)上奏折,提议在北京设立总理各国事务衙门,专门办理外交,以代替以前的钦差大臣。皇帝同意了,但当时的朝廷官员都不懂外文,难找合适的外交人才。事实迫使这些统治阶级的上层人物认识到学习外语和翻译工作的重要性。当时,奕诉等人的上奏中即提到:“查外国交涉事件,必先识其性情;今语言不通,文字难辨,一切隔膜,安望其能妥协?从前俄啰嘶(俄罗斯)文字曾例定设立文馆学习,具有深
In the last years of Xianfeng (1856-1860), China suffered the scourge of the Second Opium War. The Qing Dynasty was forced to sign a series of treaty of humiliating the country with aggression. Shortly afterwards, Prince Gong Yiu-von (1832-1898), the supreme power of the Westernization School, conceived himself in the ten-year winter of Xianfeng (January 1861) and proposed the establishment of the Yamen in Beijing as the prime minister for foreign affairs in all respects. Former imperial envoy. The emperor agreed, but then the court officials did not understand foreign languages and found the right diplomatic talent. The facts have forced the upper classes of these ruling classes to recognize the importance of learning foreign languages and translating them. At that time, it was mentioned in the performance of the v. Yi et al.: ”If we find out about the incident of foreign negotiation, we must first know the nature of the incident. Now that the language is barrier-free and the text is hard to distinguish, all the separators are expected to compromise." Once upon a time, Russia (Russia) The text has been set to establish a museum study, with deep