目的 :探讨卫生资源密度指数 (HRDI)对医疗机构服务效能的评价作用。方法 :采用分层随机抽样法对 10个样本县县乡两级医疗机构服务状况进行HRDI对照评价。结果 :低资源地区与高资源地区在承受因人口带来的服务压力是相近的 ,但低资源地区承受的地理服务压力高于人口服务压力 ,且基层卫生人力资源的效能主要体现在预防保健职能上。结论 :服务面积广、人口负担低的卫生资源不一定是低效能的资源 ;反之人口负担相对较高 ,但地理覆盖严重重叠的资源则可能是过剩的卫生资源。 Objective: To explore the role of HRDI in evaluating the service effectiveness of medical institutions. Methods : HRDI was used to evaluate the service status of medical institutions at county, township and township levels in 10 sample counties using stratified random sampling method. Results: Low-resource and high-resource regions are similar in their exposure to population-related service pressures. However, geographical service pressures in low-resource regions are higher than population service pressure, and the effectiveness of grass-roots human resources for health is mainly reflected in preventive health care functions. on. Conclusion: Health resources with a large area of ​​service and a low population burden are not necessarily low-efficacy resources; conversely, population burdens are relatively high, but resources with severe geographical coverage may be excess health resources.