以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为前驱体,成功制备了玻璃纤维增强型改性PF(酚醛树脂)基复合材料的基体树脂——环保型纳米SiO2/PF。研究结果表明:当w(TEOS)=10%时,PF/SiO2复合材料的综合性能相对最好,其拉伸强度(758 MPa)、弯曲强度(945 MPa)和冲击强度(261 kJ/m2)分别比未改性体系提高了144%、53%和30%;改性PF体系的最大失重速率温度比纯PF体系提高了40～50℃,其热分解第二阶段的活化能由134.41 kJ/mol升至240.72 kJ/mol;玻璃纤维增强型PF/SiO2复合材料的线烧蚀率和质量烧蚀率分别比纯PF体系降低了22.5%和8.4%。 The matrix resin-environment-friendly nano-SiO2 / PF of glass fiber reinforced modified PF (phenolic resin) matrix composites was successfully prepared using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as precursor. The results show that the composite properties of PF / SiO2 composites are the best when w (TEOS) = 10%, tensile strength (758 MPa), flexural strength (945 MPa) and impact strength (261 kJ / m2) Respectively, increased by 144%, 53% and 30% respectively than the unmodified system. The maximum weight loss rate of the modified PF system increased by 40-50 ℃ than the pure PF system, and the activation energy of the second stage of thermal decomposition ranged from 134.41 kJ / mol to 240.72 kJ / mol. The linear ablation rate and mass ablation rate of glass fiber reinforced PF / SiO2 composites were reduced by 22.5% and 8.4% respectively compared with that of pure PF.