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对大庆、大港、孤岛、胜利４种减压渣油及其经超临界流体萃取分馏得到的不同抽出程度的脱油沥青，共２０种样品，测定了它们的元素组成、四组分组成、平均分子量和红外光谱，计算了它们的平均结构参数。结果表明，所得数据跨越幅度之大是用其它方法难以达到的，这为研究渣油的热转化行为提供了基本保持其原始体系的具有代表性的一系列油样。在容积为１００ｍｌ的高压釜内，在４１０℃、１ｈ条件下对上述原料的热转化行为进行了考察。结果表明，原料的裂化转化率不仅取决于其氢碳比，还与其中的硫含量和氮含量有关，经多元线性回归可得到相关性相当好的经验关联式。同时还发现，对于同一种油源的系列油样，在相同的条件下其裂化转化率无例外地都基本保持在同一水平上，并不随其抽出率的增大而减小。研究还表明，油样的缩合转化率主要取决于其氢碳比，并得到了相关性较好的经验关联式。
A total of 20 samples were obtained from four kinds of vacuum residue of Daqing, Dagang, Gudao, Shengli and their de-bitumen extracted by supercritical fluid fractionation. Their elemental composition, four-component composition, average Molecular weight and infrared spectra, calculated their average structural parameters. The results show that the large span of data obtained is hard to achieve by other methods, which provides a series of representative oil samples for studying the thermal conversion behavior of residuum. In a volume of 100ml autoclave at 410 ℃, 1h under the conditions of the thermal conversion behavior of the above raw materials were investigated. The results show that the cracking conversion rate of raw materials depends not only on the hydrogen to carbon ratio, but also on the sulfur content and nitrogen content. The multivariate linear regression can obtain a fairly good empirical correlation. At the same time, it was also found that for a series of oil samples of the same oil source, under the same conditions, the cracking conversion basically remained at the same level without exception, and did not decrease with the increase of the extraction rate. The research also shows that the condensation conversion rate of oil sample mainly depends on its hydrogen-carbon ratio, and a good empirical correlation is obtained.