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以抗程序性死亡受体1（PD-1）抗体为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）在实体肿瘤治疗中取得重大突破。近年来ICI开始在血液肿瘤中应用，多项临床试验显示其具有较好的疗效并可显著改善患者预后。文章结合2020年第62届美国血液学会（ASH）年会报道，介绍ICI在血液肿瘤治疗中的相关临床研究进展。“,”Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) represented by anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) antibodies has made great progress in the treatment of solid tumors. Recently, ICI has been gradually used in hematological malignancies, and many clinical trials have shown that it could bring better therapeutic efficacies and significantly improve the prognosis of patients with hematological malignancies. This article reviews the research progress of ICI in hematological malignancies combined with the clinical studies from the 62nd American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting.