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海底多波多分量地震资料能够提供含气高压地层的地质信息，这些分量对利用振幅随偏移距变化（AVO）进行岩性参数反演的敏感性是不同的。利用正演技术分析研究海底多波地震资料中岩性参数反演的敏感性，有助于充分利用海底多波地震资料提高AVO反演岩性参数的可靠性。本文应用计算反射系数的Zoeppritz方程，实施海底多波多分量合成数据的岩性参数AVO反演的敏感性分析，确定哪些岩性参数或它们的组合关系能最佳地从AVO资料中反演得到。考虑的岩性参数是介质两侧速度及密度比，在时间域内对反射系数的正演计算公式进行线性化，获取反演的灵敏度矩阵，然后计算该矩阵的特征值及特征向量，继而分析岩性参数反演的敏感性。分析结果说明海底多波多分量资料可以提高海底AVO岩性参数反演的可靠性，不仅能够反演得到波阻抗，而且能较好地分别反演出介质两侧纵横波速度及密度比。
Seabed multi-wave multi-component seismic data provide geological information on gas-bearing, high-pressure formations that differ in their sensitivity to using lithology inversion of amplitude versus offset variation (AVO). It is helpful to make full use of multi-wave seabed seismic data to improve the reliability of lithologic parameters of AVO inversion by using forward modeling technique to analyze the sensitivity of lithological parameters inversion in seabed multi-wave seismic data. In this paper, the Zoeppritz equation is used to calculate the sensitivity of AVO inversion of the lithologic parameters of the multi-component synthetic seafloor data to determine which lithologic parameters or their combinations can be optimally retrieved from the AVO data. The lithology parameter considered is the velocity and density ratio on both sides of the medium. The forward calculation formula of the reflection coefficient is linearized in the time domain, and the sensitivity matrix of the inversion is obtained. Then the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix are calculated, and then the rock Sensitivity of Inversion of Sexual Parameters. The analysis results show that the multi-wave multicomponent seafloor data can improve the reliability of the seabed AVO lithology inversion, which can not only invert the wave impedance but also reverse the P- and S-wave velocity and density ratio on both sides of the medium.