从18世纪末到19世纪初,化学从早先的经验描述阶段逐步过度到理论概括阶段,由定性分析研究发展到定量研究,物质之间量的关系得到进一步的总结,为了进一步揭示化学基本定律的内部联系和本质,道尔顿提出了近代原子学说,在新的实验和原子论基础上,阿佛加德罗提出分子学说,构成了近代原子-分子学说,排除了化学发展的障碍。 From the late 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century, chemistry gradually went from an earlier stage of empirical description to a stage of theoretical summarization, from qualitative analysis to quantitative research, and the relationship between the quantities of substances was further summarized. In order to further reveal the interior of the basic law of chemistry Contact and essence, Dalton put forward the modern atomic theory. On the basis of new experiments and atomic theory, Avogadro put forward the molecular theory and formed the modern atomic-molecular theory, which obstructed the development of chemistry.