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前言七十年代初期在半导体器件领域中出现了一个新品种——微(型)处理器,而在计算机领域中出现了一个新机种——微(型)计算机。微处理器(Microprocessor,简称MP)和微计算机(Microcomputer,简称MC)这两个概念,按照Altman的定义:“微处理器不是计算机,而是微计算机的控制和处理部份;而微计算机则是具有可以完整运行功能的计算机,它应包括微处理器、存贮器、输入输出电路和其它配套电路”。至于微计算机系统则是一个可以真正工作的计算机系统,它应包括软件支援、外围设备和电源等等。这三者的区别及其相互关系如图1所示。
Preface In the early 1970s, a new breed of micro-processor appeared in the field of semiconductor devices. In the field of computer, a new type of micro-computer appeared. Microprocessor (MP) and Microcomputer (MC) these two concepts, according to the definition of Altman: "The microprocessor is not a computer, but the microcomputer control and processing part; and micro-computer Is to have a fully functioning computer, which should include microprocessors, memory, input and output circuits and other ancillary circuits. As for the micro-computer system is a real working computer system, which should include software support, peripherals and power supply and so on. The three differences and their relationship shown in Figure 1.