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目的 建立简便、特异的鸭乙型肝炎病毒（ＤＨＢＶ）感染及免疫血清学检测系统。方法制备、纯化检测所需的抗ＤＨＢＶ前Ｓ．区单克隆抗体腹水、ＤＨＢｓＡｇ和ｒＤＨＢｃＡｇ，对随机筛选的８０份感染血清及实验感染１日龄重庆麻鸭系列血清分别进行ＤＨＢｓＡｇ和抗－ＤＨＢｃ、抗－ＤＨＢｓ检测。结果 ＰＣＲ方法检测出阳性６６份，阴性１４份。选用ＰＣＲ阳性的６６份标本，经ＤＨＢｓＡｇ ＥＬＩＳＡ检测出５８份阳性，斑点杂交检出阳性份数为６２份。与ＤＨＢＶ ＰＣＲ相比较，灵敏度分别为８７．９％和９３．９％，而８只实验感染鸭仅２只在感染后第３周血清抗－ＤＨＢｃ阳性，抗体效价为１：１０，至第４周测定已为阴性，抗－ＤＨＢｓ则在所有标本均为阴性。结论 ＤＨＢＶ感染及免疫血清学酶联免疫方法的建立，为进一步研究ＤＨＢＶ感染后复制规律及体内免疫应答状况奠定了基础。
Objective To establish a simple and specific duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) infection and immune serological detection system. Methods to prepare, purify the detection of anti-DHBV required before the S. DHBsAg and rDHBcAg were detected in sera from 80 randomly selected sera and one-day-old Chongqing ducks serologically tested for DHBsAg, anti-DHBc and anti-DHBs. Results The PCR method detected 66 positive and 14 negative. Sixty-six positive samples were detected by PCR, 58 were positive by DHBsAg ELISA, and 62 were positive by dot blot hybridization. Compared with DHBV PCR, the sensitivity was 87.9% and 93.9%, respectively, while only 2 of 8 experimental infected ducks were positive for anti-DHBc at the 3rd week after infection with antibody titers of 1:10, 4 weeks has been tested negative, anti-DHBs in all specimens were negative. Conclusion The establishment of DHBV infection and immunological serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) laid the foundation for further study on the replication pattern and immune response in vivo after DHBV infection.