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自1940年发现 Rh 血型系统并确认 Rh 血型不合是胎儿有核红细胞增多症的病因后,产科学者开始对妊娠的免疫生物学发生兴趣.近年来,在妊娠中毒症的免疫因素方面已积累了不少资料,一些学者认为该症是胎儿一母体间的免疫自身稳定遭受破坏所引起的病态。这一新病因学说,目前获得一定程度的支持。一、正常妊娠时,胎儿-母体的免疫平衡胎儿-胎盘是天然的同种移植物。两者的遗传免疫特性取决于父母双方生殖细胞内遗传物质结合后的特性。因此,抗原性与母体不完全相同,除器官特异性抗原外,还包括各种血型抗原、组织相容性
Obstetricians began to show an interest in the immunobiology of pregnancy after having discovered the Rh blood group system in 1940 and confirmed that Rh blood group incompatibility was the cause of fetal polycythemia. In recent years, immunological factors of gestosis have accumulated Few data, some scholars believe that the disease is a disease caused by the immune stability of the immune system between the fetus and the mother. This new etiology theory currently enjoys some level of support. First, normal pregnancy, the fetus - the mother’s immune balance Fetal - placenta is a natural allograft. The genetic and immunological properties of both depend on the combined properties of the genetic material within the germ cells of both parents. Therefore, the antigenicity and the mother is not exactly the same, in addition to organ-specific antigens, but also includes a variety of blood group antigen, histocompatibility