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目的:了解上海市中小学生在校午餐营养供给情况,为后续制定上海市营养午餐标准提供科学依据。方法:运用分层随机整群抽样,抽取小学8所,初中、高中各5所,完全中学2所,共20所学校进行连续3天的午餐食谱和样品抽样调查,并随机选取其中的7所学校,对学生进行午餐问卷调查(n=5 389)。结果:肉蛋类小学、初中、高中的供应量分别为149.4、124.1、150.5g,水产类分别为11.4、28.3、13.2g,午餐脂肪供能比都超过30%。钙的供应量仅为推荐值的35%~60%,且多为植物性来源。关于午餐的问卷调查,仅有24.0%的学生认为午餐好吃,小学生、初中生、高中生的有剩饭剩菜的比例分别为58.3%、50.3%、64.3%。结论:上海市中小学生的午餐结构不尽合理,学生对于午餐的满意度也较低,应积极采取措施改善中小学生午餐。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Shanghai during lunchtime, and to provide a scientific basis for the subsequent formulation of the standard of nutritious lunch in Shanghai. Methods: By stratified stratified random cluster sampling, five primary schools, five middle schools, five middle schools and two middle schools were selected. A total of 20 schools were surveyed for lunch and sampling for three consecutive days, and seven of them were randomly selected The school conducted a lunch survey of students (n = 5 389). Results: The supply of meat and eggs in primary, middle school and high school were 149.4, 124.1 and 150.5g respectively, while that of aquatic products was 11.4, 28.3 and 13.2g respectively, and the ratio of lunch fat to energy supply was over 30%. The supply of calcium is only 35% ~ 60% of the recommended value, and mostly the source of plant. Regarding lunch survey, only 24.0% of students think that lunch is delicious. The percentage of leftovers left by primary school, middle school and high school students is 58.3%, 50.3% and 64.3% respectively. Conclusion: The luncheon composition of primary and middle school students in Shanghai is not reasonable, and the students ’satisfaction with lunch is also low. Active measures should be taken to improve primary and middle school students’ lunch.