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破—石墨材料是一种各向异性、具有内部微缺陷的多晶体材料。内部微缺陷的存在使碳一石墨制品的实际强度大大低于其理论强度,例如石墨单晶在层面方向上的理论强度可达到10~5MN/m~2的数量级,而多晶石墨材料的实际强度只有理论强度的1/100～1/1000。因此,微缺陷是影响多晶石墨材料断裂特性的本质因素。 通常的微缺陷是指气孔和裂纹、晶粒边界等,它们的形成和制品的生产工艺密切相关。通过讨论微缺陷与制品断裂特性的关系,我们可以选择合适的生产工艺路线控制制品的结构,获得性能优良而稳定的制品。 本文首先分析碳一石墨制品的微缺陷对制品力学性能的影响,在此基础上讨论为改善制品的显微结构而应采取的工艺措施。
Broken - Graphite is an anisotropic, polycrystalline material with internal microdefects. The existence of internal microdefects causes the actual strength of the carbon-graphite product to be much lower than its theoretical strength. For example, the theoretical strength of the graphite single crystal in the layer direction can reach the order of 10-5 MN / m 2, while the actual polycrystalline graphite material The strength is only 1/100 ~ 1/1000 of theoretical strength. Therefore, microdefects are the essential factors affecting the fracture characteristics of polycrystalline graphite materials. Common microdefects are pores and cracks, grain boundaries and the like, and their formation is closely related to the production process of the product. By discussing the relationship between the microdefects and the fracture characteristics of the product, we can choose the appropriate production process to control the structure of the product and obtain the product with excellent performance and stability. This paper first analyzes the micro-defects of carbon-graphite products on the mechanical properties of products, based on which to discuss the microstructure of the products should be taken to improve the technical measures.