引　言根据对平等和非歧视的一般性理解,拥有平等地位的个人应得到平等的对待。为了在实际中应用这一理念,我们有必要对两个人或两类人进行比较,并得出关于他们之间共同点和不同点的结论。如无正当理由,对地位平等的两个人给予不同的对待就构成了歧视。这种实现平等的方法经常 Introduction According to the general understanding of equality and non-discrimination, individuals with equal status should be treated equally. In order to apply this idea in practice, it is necessary for us to compare two or two kinds of people and draw conclusions about their similarities and differences. Discrimination is discriminated against on the basis of unjustified treatment of two persons with equal status. This method of achieving equality is frequent