自1981年以来,钻进于套管柱之间的深井段,特别是表层套管以下井段的钻井工程作业已经显著增加。在许多情况下,这种作业将在未下套管井段裸露一层或多层相对于该井深度正常破裂梯度要松弱一些的层带。因此,如果井涌发生,就会严重限制关井压力和循环压力。这种局面发展下去,有两种不希望有的、并且代价很高的可能:1)关井时井漏;2)置 Since 1981 drilling operations in deep intervals between casing strings, particularly below casing have been significantly increased. In many cases, this operation will expose one or more layers of strands that are somewhat weaker in normal uncrated depth relative to depth of the well in the uncovered section. Therefore, if a kick occurs, the well shut-in pressure and the circulation pressure will be severely restricted. This situation continues, there are two kinds of unwanted, and the high cost may be: 1) Lost hole shut-in; 2) home