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目的分析2008—2014年甘肃省武威市手足口病流行病学特征,为其预防控制提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析2008—2014年武威市法定传染病监测系统中报告的手足口病数据,了解发病情况及流行病学特征。结果 2008—2014年武威市共报告手足口病6 315例,死亡2例,年均发病率和死亡率分别为48.14/10万和0.15/10万,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=109.07,P<0.05);手足口病全年各月均有病例发生,6、7月发病率分别为86.68/10万和85.77/10万,1月和2月发病率分别为1.66/10万和1.12/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 520.75,P<0.05);各区(县)年均发病率由高到低依次为凉州区58.63/10万、古浪县54.07/10万、天祝县38.35/10万、民勤县16.15/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=701.63,P<0.05);男女发病比为1.78∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=186.90,P<0.05);手足口病以1~5岁儿童高发,占全部报告病例数的85.07%,各年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=373.80,P<0.05);散居儿童(62.66%)、托幼儿童(27.74%)和学生(8.27%)发病率较高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=61.88,P<0.05)。结论武威市手足口病发病具有明显的年龄和地区差异,应进一步加强重点人群、重点地区的防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Wuwei City, Gansu Province from 2008 to 2014, and provide evidence for its prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze hand-foot-mouth disease data reported in the legal infectious disease surveillance system in Wuwei City during 2008-2014 to understand the incidence and epidemiological characteristics. Results A total of 6 315 HFMD cases were reported in Wuwei City from 2008 to 2014, with 2 deaths. The average annual morbidity and mortality were 48.14 / 100 000 and 0.15 / 100 000 respectively, with significant difference in incidence between years (χ2 = 109.07, P <0.05). The incidence rate of hand-foot-mouth disease in each month and year was 86.68 / 100000 and 85.77 / 100000, respectively. The incidence rates in January and February were 1.66 / 10 (Χ2 = 1 520.75, P <0.05). The average annual incidence rates of all districts and counties were 58.63 / lakh in Liangzhou district and 54.07 / lakh in Gulang county from high to low, 100 000, Tianzhu 38.35 / 100000, Minqin 16.15 / 100000, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 701.63, P <0.05); male to female incidence ratio was 1.78:1, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 186.90, P <0.05). Hand-foot-mouth disease was high in children aged 1 to 5 years, accounting for 85.07% of the total reported cases. The incidence of each age group was significantly different (χ2 = 373.80, P < 62.66%), children with kindergarten (27.74%) and students (8.27%) had higher incidence, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 61.88, P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Wuwei City has obvious age and regional differences. The prevention and control of key populations and key areas should be further strengthened.