塞尔认为,制度性事实是社会事实中最具特色、最为典型的一类,大部分制度性事实都是通过被他归为宣告式的行为式创建。然而,从行为式进路去讨论制度性事实的建构并不恰当,原因在于行为式自身的不完备性。通过语言建构制度性事实要求对应的言语行为具有世界适应语词的适应方向,因此,首先,从适应方向视角界定建构制度性事实的言语行为类别更为恰当;其次,言语行为、制度性事实和制度的三层关联模型模拟了言语行为建构制度性事实的过程;最后,该模型揭示了原始性物理事实相对制度性事实的优先性,由此肯定了塞尔的实在论立场。 Searle believes that institutional facts are the most characteristic and typical types of social facts. Most of the institutional facts are created through the act of declaring them by him. However, it is not appropriate to discuss the construction of institutional facts from a behavioral approach because of the imperfection of behavior itself. Therefore, firstly, it is more appropriate to define the category of speech acts that construct institutional fact from the perspective of adaptation. Secondly, the speech acts, institutional facts and systems The model of the three-tiered model simulates the process of verbal behavior constructing institutional facts. Finally, the model reveals the priority of the relative institutional facts of the original physical facts, thus affirming Searle’s realist position.