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目的通过对江西省九江市浔阳区3～6岁学龄前儿童视觉发育情况进行调查,为本地区儿童眼保健计划提供科学依据。方法抽取九江市浔阳区9所幼儿园,将在园的3～6岁学龄前儿童2318名分成3组:3～4岁组,～5岁组,～6岁组,进行视觉(远视力、色觉、立体视觉、眼位)检查,对各组检查结果进行比较分析。结果视力低常检出率为27.91%,～6岁组儿童视力低常率较其他2组有显著差异;单色辨色障碍检出率为0.26%,各年龄组及性别组间色觉障碍检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);双眼立体视觉异常检出率为4.49%,>3～4岁组儿童视觉异常检出率较其他2组高(P均<0.01),男女童间视觉异常率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);斜视检出率为1.47%,各年龄组及性别组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论儿童视力低常率逐年增高,开展学龄前儿童视觉筛查意义重大。
Objective To investigate the visual development of preschool children aged 3 ~ 6 years old in Xingyang District, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, and to provide scientific basis for the eye health plan for children in this area. Methods Nine kindergartens in Xunyang District of Jiujiang City were divided into 3 groups: 3 to 4 years old group, ~ 5 years old group, ~ 6 years old group, and 2318 preschool children aged 3 ~ 6 years were enrolled in this study. Their visual acuity (far vision, Color vision, stereoscopic vision, eye position) check, the results of comparative analysis of each group. Results The detection rate of low visual acuity was 27.91%. The low visual acuity rate of children aged 6 to 6 years old was significantly different from that of the other two groups. The detection rate of monochromatic discrimination was 0.26%. The color vision disorders among all age groups and sex groups (P all> 0.05). The detection rate of binocular stereo vision was 4.49%. The detection rate of visual abnormalities in children aged> 3-4 was higher than those in other two groups (all P <0.01) There was no significant difference in visual abnormalities between boys and girls (P> 0.05). The strabismus rate was 1.47%. There was no significant difference between all age groups and gender groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The low rate of visual acuity in children is increasing year by year. It is of great significance to carry out visual screening in preschool children.