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针对承压水上煤炭资源安全开采的难题,以河南焦煤集团朱村煤矿承压水上膏体充填开采为工程背景,采用理论计算、数值模拟分析和现场实测的方法,研究了膏体充填开采底板破坏规律及演化特征,并对膏体充填开采底板破坏范围和突水性进行了预测研究,揭示了膏体充填开采控制底板破坏的力学机理。研究表明:煤矿底板破坏深度随采高的增加而逐渐增大,但当增加到一定高度(1.8 m)后,底板破坏深度趋于某一相对稳定值;膏体充填综采可使得底板破坏深度由垮落法开采的12.0 m左右,减小到2.0 m左右,突水系数由0.19~0.56减小到0.08~0.20;实测表明:膏体充填综采完整区域底板最大破坏深度约4 m,断层影响处底板最大破坏深度范围为10.0~12.0 m,膏体充填综采过程中未出现突水灾害。膏体充填综采相当于降低了煤层采高,相对增加了底板隔水层厚度,有效提高矿井开采的安全保障度。
In order to solve the problem of safety mining of confined waterborne coal resources, taking the filling and mining of confined water paste in Zhucun Coal Mine of Henan Coking Coal Group as the engineering background, the paper studies the failure of the floor of the paste filling and mining by theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and field measurement. Regularity and evolvement characteristics of the paste floor, and the prediction of the damage extent and water inrush of the bottom floor of the paste filling mining was carried out. The mechanical mechanism of the floor slab control by the paste filling mining was revealed. The results show that the failure depth of coal mine floor increases with the increase of mining height, but the depth of destruction of the bottom reaches a certain relative value when it increases to a certain height (1.8 m) The caving method is reduced from 0.19 ~ 0.56 to 0.08 ~ 0.20 by caving about 12.0 m by caving method, and the maximum caving depth is about 4 m, The maximum destructive depth of the bottom of the affected area ranged from 10.0 to 12.0 m, and no water inrush disaster occurred during the process of paste filling and fully mechanized mining. Paste filling fully mechanized mining is equivalent to reducing the mining height, the relative increase in the floor aquifer thickness, effectively improve the safety of mining safety.