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目的评估“自我护理小组”管理模式促进麻风病人畸残康复的效果。方法将84例麻风畸残病人随机分成对照组和自我护理小组,对照组采取常规的自我护理教育方法,自我护理小组则在医护人员和小组组长的组织和督促下,定期开展集中式的自我护理和功能训练。采用相同的调查表进行调查,同时比较干预前后红眼、足皲裂和手、足溃疡等患病率的变化情况。结果自我护理小组干预后红眼、手干燥、手皲裂、手外伤、足干燥和足皲裂的患病率均下降(P<0.05);对照组各类畸残患病率干预前后差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);采用自我护理小组方式干预后,红眼、手干燥、手皲裂、足干燥和足皲裂的治愈率均高于对照组(P<0.05),但两组的手外伤、手溃疡、足溃疡和足外伤治愈率相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论自我护理小组模式对改善麻风病人的眼、手、足畸残情况具有较好的效果,是促进麻风病人畸残康复的一种经济有效的方法。
Objective To evaluate the effect of “self-care group” management mode on the promotion of the rehabilitation of leprosy patients with deformity. Methods Eighty-four patients with leprosy and deformity were randomly divided into control group and self-care group. The control group took the routine self-care education method. Self-care group regularly organized self-care group under the organization and supervision of medical staff and team leader. Nursing and functional training. The same questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of red-eye, chapped feet and hand and foot ulcers before and after intervention. Results The prevalences of red-eye, dry hands, chapped hands, hand injuries, foot-dryness and choking were all decreased after self-care group intervention (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of various types of distress among the control groups before and after intervention (P> 0.05). After the self-care group intervention, the cure rate of red-eye, dry hands, chapped hands, dry feet and chapped feet were higher than that of the control group (P <0.05) There was no significant difference in the cure rate of ulcer, foot ulcer and foot trauma (P> 0.05). Conclusion The self-care group mode has a good effect on improving the eye, hand and foot deformity in leprosy patients, and is a cost-effective method to promote the rehabilitation of leprosy patients.