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通过对不同载体、营养成分(碳源和氮源)及粘合剂的筛选,研制出了一种便于储存和运输、并可在棉花根部施用的解淀粉芽孢杆菌X-278(以下简称X-278)片剂,并测定了片剂的贮存稳定性;采用利福平标记法,测定了X-278片剂在棉花根、茎及根际土壤中的定殖能力;采用随机区组设计法研究了X-278片剂、X-278发酵液及枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂对棉花黄萎病的田间防治效果。结果表明:以硅藻土为载体,以质量分数为15%的葡萄糖为碳源,以质量分数为30%的花生饼为氮源,质量分数为20%的淀粉浆为粘合剂,通过干法压片得到了外观完整、光洁,色泽均匀且具有一定稳定性的X-278片剂,其含水量(质量分数)为0.5%,活菌含量为7.4×107cfu/g,未检测到有其他杂菌存在,各指标均符合标准;在棉花根部施用X-278片剂40 d后,X-278的最高定殖量在棉花根内为1.56×103cfu/g,在茎中为3.6×103cfu/g,在根际土壤中达3.8×106cfu/g,持效期达60 d;田间试验结果表明,X-278片剂对棉花黄萎病的防治效果均优于其发酵液及枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂,当X-278片剂施用量为0.6 g/株时,对棉花黄萎病的防效达到86.34%。
Through the screening of different carriers, nutrients (carbon and nitrogen sources) and binders, a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X-278 (hereinafter referred to as X- 278) tablets and the storage stability of the tablets were determined. The ability of colonization of X-278 tablets in cotton roots, stems and rhizosphere soil was determined by rifampicin labeling method. Randomized block design The field control effect of X-278 tablet, X-278 fermentation broth and Bacillus subtilis WP on cotton Verticillium wilt was studied. The results showed that with diatomite as carrier, 15% (mass fraction) glucose as carbon source, 30% (mass fraction) peanut cake as nitrogen source and 20% (mass fraction) starch paste as binder, The tablet of law X-278 with complete appearance, smooth appearance, uniform color and stability, the water content (mass fraction) was 0.5%, the viable content was 7.4 × 107cfu / g, no other The highest yield of X-278 was 1.56 × 103 cfu / g in cotton roots and 3.6 × 103 cfu / g in stems after 40 days of cotton root application with X-278 tablet, g, up to 3.8 × 106cfu / g in the rhizosphere soils for 60 days. The results of field experiments showed that the control effect of X-278 on cotton Verticillium wilt was better than that of the fermentation broth and Bacillus subtilis When the dosage of X-278 tablet was 0.6 g / plant, the control efficacy against cotton Verticillium wilt was 86.34%.