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从包括德国在内的世界各国的经验看,运用财税政策解决能源和环境问题的主要手段有价格政策、税收和收费政策、补贴政策等。德国使用征收生态税的办法解决了能源效率和节约、就业、环境污染等问题,做到了“一箭三雕”。另外,德国采取了国内生产总值的增长速度不能超过能源利用效率提高的指标来衡量经济增长的质量,而我们目前还做不到。
Judging from the experience of all countries in the world, including Germany, the main means for solving the energy and environmental problems by using fiscal and taxation policies are price policy, taxation and charging policy, and subsidy policy. Germany used the method of collecting ecological taxes to solve the problems of energy efficiency and economy, employment and environmental pollution, and achieved “three birds with one stone.” In addition, Germany can not measure the quality of its economic growth by adopting an indicator that the growth rate of its gross domestic product can not exceed the index of improving energy efficiency.