为解决跨流域的水污染问题,美国出台了《清洁水法》,它是保护美国境内流域水体的重要法律工具。首先就是识别污染,明晰责任,严格执法、严厉惩罚,确保水环境受到有效保护。其次,水质目标环境保护署和州政府根据对特定水体的用途建立不同水质标准,水质改善目标也根据水用途不同来区别。同时,分流域进行管理,《清洁水法》明确上游和下游的 In order to solve the problem of water pollution across the basin, the United States introduced the Clean Water Act, which is an important legal tool to protect watershed waters in the United States. The first is to identify pollution, clarify responsibilities, strictly enforce the law and severely punish to ensure that the water environment is effectively protected. Second, water quality targets EPA and state governments establish different water quality standards based on the use of specific water bodies, and the water quality improvement goals are also differentiated according to water use. At the same time, watershed management, clean water law clearly upstream and downstream