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应用染色体工程技术培育少籽、无籽西瓜是一条有效的途径。通过对染色体易位技术的研究,提出了用~(60)Coγ辐射的适合辐照剂量,种子辐照剂量以30—50kR 为宜,花粉辐照剂量1—10 kR均可采用,找出了 M_1花粉可育率<55%可作为易位杂合体初选指标。文章还提出了提高三倍体西瓜种子制种技术和提高三倍体西瓜种子发芽率的处理方法。利用染色体易位和倍数体技术培育出易位少籽西瓜组合易红1号、易红5号和无籽西瓜组合粤蜜1号、粤蜜2号、粤蜜3号。
Application of chromosomal engineering techniques to cultivate seedless, seedless watermelon is an effective way. Through the research of chromosome translocation technology, we put forward the appropriate irradiation dose of ~ (60) Coγ radiation, the seed irradiation dose is 30-50kR, the pollen irradiation dose 1-10kR can be used to find out M_1 pollen fertility rate of <55% can be used as primary markers of translocation hybrids. The article also proposed to improve the technology of seed production of triploid watermelon and to improve the germination rate of triploid watermelon seeds. Using the chromosomal translocation and fold body technology, the combination of Yihong 1, Yihong 5 and seedless watermelon combination Yuemei 1, Yuemei 2 and Yuemei 3 was developed.