目的:了解湖州市2009-2015年手足口病单次和再次罹患病例的发生率、人群特征及分布规律,为手足口病防控工作提供科学依据。方法:从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中导出湖州市2009-2015年手足口病个案数据,采用描述性流行病学方法分析单次及再次罹患时间、地区、人群、病例类型等分布特征。结果:2009-2015年湖州市共报告手足口病病例29 638人次,有1 245例2 536人次再次罹患发病,发生率8.56%,其中发病2次的有1 245例,发病3次的有45例,发病4次的有1例。再次罹患发病所占比例随年龄增加有下降的趋势,再次罹患发病距上一次发病间隔时间平均476.90天,间隔时间2年以内的占77.92%(1 006/1 291)。再次罹患与单次罹患重症病例占比差异无统计学意义(连续性校正χ2=0.258,P=0.611),两者实验室诊断病例之间EV71型病毒占比差异亦无统计学意义(χ2=0.270,P=0.604)。再次罹患发病前后均有实验室检测结果的共有8组病例,再次发病以CoxA16型病毒为主(4/8),除1组两次发病为其他肠道病毒外(未进一步检测分型),无病例前后两次发病均为同一病原毒株。结论:手足口病存在一定比例的再次罹患发病,再次罹患不会增加病例转成重症病例的概率,首次患病年龄越小,再次罹患发病的概率越大,故已患手足口病的儿童仍然需要做好手足口病预防工作。 Objective: To understand the incidence of single and reoccurrence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Huzhou City in 2009-2015, the characteristics and distribution of population patterns, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease. Methods: The data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Huzhou city from 2009 to 2015 were derived from China CDC information system, and the characteristics of single, repeated epidemiological analysis of time, region, population and case type were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 29 638 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Huzhou from 2009 to 2015. There were 1 245 cases with 2 536 cases of recurrence again, with an incidence rate of 8.56%. There were 1 245 cases of 2 cases and 3 cases of 45 cases For example, in 4 cases, there was 1 case. The incidence of recurrent morbidity decreased with age. The incidence of recurrent morbidity was 476.90 days from the last onset and 77.92% (1006/1 291) within 2 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the rate of reoccurrence and the single severe case (continuous correction χ2 = 0.258, P = 0.611). There was also no significant difference in the proportion of EV71 virus between laboratory diagnosed cases (χ2 = 0.270, P = 0.604). There was a total of 8 cases with laboratory test results before and after the onset of disease again. CoxA16 type virus (4/8) was the main recurrent disease, except for one group of two other enteroviruses (without further detection and typing) No case before and after the two pathogens are the same pathogenic strains. Conclusion: There is a certain proportion of hand-foot-mouth disease again suffering from the disease, and again suffering from the disease will not increase the probability of conversion to severe cases, the younger the first illness, the greater the probability of recurrence of the disease, it is already hand, foot and mouth disease in children is still Need to do hand-foot-mouth disease prevention.