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合成孔径激光雷达是合成孔径技术在激光相干探测雷达领域的推广,相比传统合成孔径雷达具有更高的分辨率。相比机载、陆基等应用环境,空间没有大气湍流和机械振动,非常适合合成孔径激光雷达应用,而合成孔径激光雷达本身分辨率不随距离变化的优点,也利于空间大尺度距离探测。建立了对非合作目标进行高分辨率成像监测天基合成孔径激光雷达成像模型,对系统中关键参数进行分析,针对地球静止轨道上的目标进行了系统设计,提出系统实现工程化需要进一步突破的关键技术。结合理论分析,设计了缩比模型验证实验,利用转台模拟空间卫星间运动,得到了方位向分辨率1 mm的目标图像,证明了系统分析的合理性和该系统的实用性,对天基合成孔径激光雷达技术的推广具有一定意义。
Synthetic aperture laser radar is a synthetic aperture technology in the field of laser coherent detection radar promotion, compared to the traditional synthetic aperture radar has a higher resolution. Compared with airborne and land-based applications, the space is free of atmospheric turbulence and mechanical vibration, which is very suitable for the application of synthetic aperture lidar. However, the resolution of synthetic aperture lidar itself does not change with the distance, which is also beneficial to large-scale space exploration. The imaging model of synthetic aperture lidar for high-resolution imaging monitoring of non-cooperative targets was set up. The key parameters of the system were analyzed. The target of the geostationary orbit was systematically designed, and the system needed to be further broken down in engineering Key technologies. Combined with the theoretical analysis, the experiment of scaling model verification was designed. The target image with azimuth resolution of 1 mm was obtained by simulating the motion of space satellite with the turntable. The rationality of the system analysis and the practicability of the system were proved. Aperture Lidar technology promotion has some significance.