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崛起于明初、鼎盛于清代、衰落于近代的陕西商帮,在明清时期陕西的社会、经济生活中占有显要的地位。五百年的贸易通商实践,使他们形成了富有特色的经营之道。本文认为,明清陕商经营艺术的形成是陕西商人继承前人而又有所发展的结果。陕西的地理环境孕育了秦人诚实、勤劳、敢于冒险等人格特性;陕西悠久的商业传统对陕西商民亦有潜在影响,此二者构成了明清陕商经营艺术的人文地理渊源。在此基础上,本文进一步分析:陕商经营艺术的形成,与明清陕西商人文化素质的提高有内在的关系。明清陕商经营艺术是陕商留给我们的宝贵历史遗产,它对发展陕西今天的市场经济有历史启迪作用。
Rising in the early Ming Dynasty, Shanxi flourished in the Qing Dynasty and declined in the modern times. It occupied a prominent position in the social and economic life of Shaanxi in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Five hundred years of trade and commerce practice, so that they formed a unique business management. This paper argues that the formation of the art of doing business in Shaanxi and Shanxi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties was the result of the succession of Shaanxi merchants inheriting their predecessors. Shaanxi’s geographical environment gave birth to the Qin people honest, hard-working, adventurous and other personality traits; Shaanxi’s long commercial traditions also have a potential impact on Shaanxi merchants, both of which constitute the human and geographical origins of the art of doing business in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. On this basis, this article further analyzes: The formation of Shaanxi merchant’s art of operation is intrinsically related to the improvement of cultural qualities of Shaanxi merchants in Ming and Qing dynasties. The art of doing business by merchants in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was a valuable historical legacy left by Shaanxi merchants. It has a historical enlightenment on the development of the market economy in Shaanxi today.