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旨在实现高标准开放规则的《服务贸易协定》谈判自发起便充斥着对南方国家的歧视。基于南北国家服务业生产要素的优势比较可见,服务贸易开放并不必然对南方国家有利。美欧在主导《服务贸易协定》谈判时,控制发展中国家加入谈判的“等级”待遇,亦有遏制发展中国家参与制定服务贸易规则之嫌。并且《服务贸易协定》谈判的各议题主要服务于发达国家占优势的模式一及模式三,而对发展中国家有利的模式四却设计不足。此外,贯穿于《服务贸易协定》谈判中的“竞争中立”原则虽然形式上追求公平的竞争环境,却忽略了南北国家发展阶段的不平衡。
The negotiations on the “Trade in Services Agreement” aimed at achieving a high standard of openness rules have started to overflow with discrimination against countries in the South. Based on the comparative advantages of service factors in the service industries in North and South countries, the opening up of service trade does not necessarily benefit the countries in the South. When the United States and Europe are leading the negotiations on the “Service Trade Agreement,” controlling the “level” treatment of the developing countries in entering the negotiations, they are also suspected of deterring the developing countries from participating in the formulation of the service trade rules. Moreover, the topics negotiated in the “Agreement on Trade in Services” mainly serve the first and the third modes of developed countries, while the fourth mode, which is favorable to developing countries, is under-designed. In addition, the principle of “competition neutrality ”, which runs through the negotiation of the “Service Trade Agreement”, while formally pursuing a fair competitive environment, ignores the imbalance in the stage of development of North and South countries.