论文部分内容阅读
目的:探讨长病程1型糖尿病（T1DM）患者残余胰岛功能与自身免疫状态的关系。方法:采用放射配体法测定的血清C肽对中南大学湘雅二医院T1DM综合管理门诊中长病程（病程≥10年）自身免疫T1DM患者的胰岛功能进行评价。将空腹或餐后2 h C肽高于仪器检测敏感度下限（16.7 pmol/L）定义为胰岛功能存留，否则为胰岛功能丧失。筛查并入组所有胰岛功能存留患者（19例），同时入组性别、年龄、病程、体质指数（BMI）匹配的胰岛功能丧失患者（19例）及健康对照（19例）。检测研究对象外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞亚群：Th1辅助细胞（Th1）、Th2辅助细胞（Th2）、Th17辅助细胞（Th17）、调节性T细胞（Treg）及B淋巴细胞亚群：边缘区B细胞（MZB）、滤泡状B细胞（FoB）、分泌白细胞介素10的调节性B细胞（B10）频率及CD4+T、CD8+T、CD19+B细胞表面程序性死亡受体1（PD-1）及其配体（PD-L1）的表达水平；测定研究对象空腹血清中炎症因子干扰素γ（IFN-γ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-1受体抗体（IL-1RA）、白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、白细胞介素-12p40亚基（IL-12p40）、白细胞介素-12p70亚基（IL-12p70）、白细胞介素-23（IL-23）及干扰素诱生蛋白-10（IP-10）的水平。比较上述指标在胰岛功能存留组、胰岛功能丧失组患者与健康对照之间的差异。结果:19例胰岛功能存留组患者中男性占42.1%（8例），年龄［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］为29.0（23.0，40.0）岁，病程［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］为11.0（10.0，14.0）年；19例胰岛功能丧失组患者中男性占42.1%（8例），年龄［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］为30.0（23.0，40.0）岁，病程［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］为12.0（10.0，15.0）年；19例健康对照中男性占42.1%（8例），年龄［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］为29.0（24.0，40.0）岁。健康对照、胰岛功能丧失组、胰岛功能存留组患者Th1细胞频率［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］分别为9.93%（7.45%，15.20%）、14.90%（11.70%，18.00%）、10.20%（6.93%，15.80%）（n P=0.015）；Treg细胞频率［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］分别为3.52%（2.92%，5.68%）、2.88%（1.64%，3.22%）、3.12%（2.81%，4.81%）（n P=0.005）；B淋巴细胞表面PD-1分子表达比例［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］分别为4.69%（2.64%，6.37%）、2.11%（1.45%，3.63%）、4.20%（2.53%，6.01%）（n P=0.003）；血清IL-6水平［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］分别为26.43（18.06，33.35）ng/L、42.97（25.52，66.30）ng/L、22.07（14.85，34.45）ng/L（n P=0.006）；血清IP-10水平［n M（n Q1，n Q3）］分别为107.39（76.19，126.07）ng/L、188.82（131.27，348.18）ng/L、128.26（114.31，136.50）ng/L（n P<0.001）。两两比较发现，胰岛功能丧失组Th1细胞频率、血清 IL-6、IP-10水平均分别高于胰岛功能存留组及健康对照，Treg细胞频率、B 淋巴细胞表面 PD-1 分子表达比例均分别低于胰岛功能存留组及健康对照（均n P<0.05）。n 结论:胰岛功能存留的长病程T1DM患者外周血Th1细胞频率、IL-6、IP-10因子水平更低，Treg细胞频率、B细胞表面PD-1分子水平更高，提示存在更强的自身免疫耐受。“,”Objective:We aimed to investigate the autoimmune status of long-term type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients with residual β-cell function.Methods:The residual β-cell function of long-term (disease duration≥10 years) autoimmune T1DM patients from the T1DM Integrated Management Clinic of the Second Xiangya Hospital was assessed by serum C-peptide levels. Patients with fasting or 2-hour postprandial C-peptide levels over the lower sensitivity limit of detection (16.7 pmol/L) were grouped as C-peptide-positive, and others were grouped as C-peptide-negative. We screened and enrolled all the C-peptide-positive patients (n n=19). C-peptide-negative patients with matched sex, age, duration, BMI (n n=19) and healthy controls (n n=19) were recruited at the same time. The frequencies of CD4+T cell (Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg) and B cell (MZB/FoB/B10) subsets, the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 on T and B lymphocytes, and the levels of T1DM related cytokines including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-23 and IP-10 were tested. We compared these parameters in patients with different levels of β-cell function.n Results:In healthy controls, C-peptide-negative and C-peptide-positive patients, the frequencies n M (n Q1, n Q3) of Th1 cells were 9.93% (7.45%, 15.20%), 14.90% (11.70%, 18.00%) and 10.20% (6.93%, 15.80%) (n P=0.015), and the frequencies n M (n Q1, n Q3) of Treg cells were 3.52% (2.92%, 5.68%),2.88% (1.64%, 3.22%) and 3.12% (2.81%, 4.81%) (n P=0.005), and the frequencies n M(n Q1,Q3) of PD-1+B cells were 4.69% (2.64%, 6.37%), 2.11% (1.45%, 3.63%) and 4.20% (2.53%, 6.01%) (n P=0.003), respectively. The levels of IL-6 n M(n Q1,n Q3)were 26.43(18.06, 33.35) ng/L, 42.97 (25.52, 66.30) ng/L, and 22.07 (14.85, 34.45) ng/L (n P=0.006), and the levels of IP-10 n M(n Q1,n Q3) were 107.39 (76.19, 126.07) ng/L, 188.82 (131.27, 348.18) ng/L and 128.26 (114.31, 136.50) ng/L (n P<0.001) in healthy controls, C-peptide-negative and C-peptide-positive patients, respectively. Compared with C-peptide-positive patients, the frequency of Th1 cells and the levels of IL-6 and IP-10 cytokines were higher, while the frequencies of Treg cells and PD-1+B cells were lower in C-peptide-negative patients (alln P<0.05).n Conclusions:Long-term T1DM patients with residual β-cell function had lower frequency of Th1 cells, lower levels of IL-6, IP-10 cytokines, and higher frequencies of Treg and PD-1+B cells, which indicated a pronounced autoimmune tolerance.