江户时代中期,在日本知识阶层中出现了以荷兰语为媒介,研究、摄取西方近代学术的学问体系——兰学。它以研究西方近代科学为开端,逐渐扩展到西方社会思想等领域,成为江户时代日本人了解外部世界的中介,并在幕末维新时期产生了积极的历史影响。本文将集中探求兰学产生的认识论基础、发展过程以及在日本近代化进程表中的位置,以求廓清兰学发展的内在逻辑线索。兰学的认识论基础德川幕府建立之初,为固化社会等级序列结构,引入了与此相适应的朱子学。如所周知,朱子学是通过思辨建立起来的道德哲 In the middle of the Edo period, a science system of learning and absorbing modern western scholarship, Lanxue, appeared in the Japanese intellectual class through Dutch media. It began with the study of Western modern science and gradually expanded into the fields of western social thought and became an intermediary for the Japanese to understand the outside world during the Edo Period and had a positive historical impact during the late reform. This essay will focus on the epistemological foundations, the development process and the position in the process of Japan’s modernization in order to seek out the internal logic clues of the development of Lanshue. Epistemological basis of Lanxue Tokugawa shogunate was first established, in order to solidify the hierarchy of social hierarchy, the introduction of this adaptation of Zhu Xi. As we all know, Zhu Xi is a moral philosophy established through speculation