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采用地统计学与地理信息系统(GIS)相结合的方法,研究了上海崇明岛表层土壤有效铜、有效硼、有效铁、有效钼、有效锰、有效锌等微量元素的空间变异特征及分布规律。根据研究区土地利用背景的区域性差异及数据的各向异性,针对每个指标分别进行详细的试验分析取得空间相关性最强的步长和分析尺度,并由此选择不同的拟合模型对各因子进行泛克里格插值,获得相关微量元素的空间变异分布图。结果表明,6个指标均表现出强变异性。研究区农田土壤有效铜、有效铁含量过高,有效硼含量基本属于正常范围,有效锌含量偏低,有效锰、有效钼的含量过低。较高的铜含量位于研究区的西北部,主要集中在三星镇及其边缘地区。研究区两端的西北部、东南部地区有效铁含量相对较高,中部含量较低。详细的探索性空间数据分析、合适步长的试验分析,对获得准确描述各指标空间变化的插值理论模型,进而保证所选模型的插值精度具有重要的意义。
Using the combination of geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS), the spatial variability and distribution of trace elements such as available copper, available boron, available iron, available molybdenum, available manganese and available zinc in surface soil of Chongming Island in Shanghai were studied. . According to the regional differences of land use background and the anisotropy of data in the study area, a detailed test and analysis is carried out for each index to obtain strongest spatial correlation step size and analysis scale, and then select different fitting model pairs The factors were subjected to ungrake kriging to obtain the distribution of spatial variation of the relevant trace elements. The results showed that all six indicators showed strong variability. In the research area, there is available copper in farmland soil, the effective iron content is too high, the effective boron content is basically in the normal range, the effective zinc content is low, the content of available manganese and effective molybdenum is too low. The higher copper content is located in the northwestern part of the study area and is mainly concentrated in the Sanxing Town and its fringe areas. The effective iron content in the northwestern and southeastern regions of both ends of the study area is relatively high while the central content is relatively low. Detailed exploratory spatial data analysis and experimental analysis of appropriate step length have important meanings for obtaining the interpolation theoretical model that accurately describes the spatial variation of each index and then ensuring the interpolation accuracy of the selected model.