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美国铁路协会下属的研究试验部目前正在致力于柴油机富氧进气燃烧、飞轮能量储存和燃料电池这三项虽然具有高风险性、但却具有潜在高回报率的远景技术的研究。在这三项新技术中，除飞轮能量储存技术的目的是为了节省能量消耗、增大机车功率和实现高速运营外，其它两项新技术的主要目的还包括改进机车的排放性能使之达到日益严格的环保要求。这些远景技术的开发研究得到了联邦政府的支持和资助，美国国内的许多著名研究机构、高等院校、机车制造厂家、铁路公司及其它相关的有专长的技术公司都在积极参与或即将参与这些新技术项目的研究。在本文中，除对以上三项新技术的基本概念、原理、潜在的优点、目前的研究进展情况等作了综合介绍外，还对美国环保局即将出台的机车排放限制标准以及它们将会对铁路公司和机车制造厂家产生的影响进行了预测。
The Research and Test Division under the American Railroad Association is currently working on long-term technology with potentially high returns, with oxygen-rich intake combustion of diesel engines, flywheel energy storage and fuel cells, at high risk. Among the three new technologies, apart from the purpose of flywheel energy storage technology is to save energy, increase locomotive power and achieve high-speed operation, the other two new technologies are mainly aimed at improving the emission performance of locomotives to make it increasingly Strict environmental requirements. The development and research of these long-term technologies have been supported and funded by the federal government. Many well-known domestic research institutes, universities, locomotive manufacturers, railway companies and other related specialized technical companies are actively involved or are about to participate in these developments Research on new technology projects. In this article, in addition to the above three new technologies, the basic concepts, principles, potential advantages, the current research progress made a comprehensive introduction, but also the United States Environmental Protection Agency will soon be introduced locomotive emission limits and they will The impact of railroad companies and locomotive manufacturers was predicted.