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目的:探讨围绝经期前后妇女潮热与焦虑、抑郁之间的关系。方法:将符合条件的1 206名40~60岁妇女分为潮热组、无潮热组,分别完成调查问卷。问卷具体内容包括一般情况、潮热状况、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)。结果:潮热组妇女SAS和SDS的平均值高于无潮热组妇女(SAS:39.8±7.3 vs 36.0±6.1;SDS:44.1±8.3 vs 40.9±8.9,P均<0.05),潮热组轻度焦虑和抑郁的发生率明显高于无潮热组(焦虑:8.3%vs 3.4%;抑郁:23.3%vs 14.2%,P均<0.05)。潮热妇女焦虑、抑郁的发生风险分别是无潮热妇女的4.1倍(95%CI,1.20~13.74)、2.4倍(95%CI,1.15~4.92)。重度潮热妇女较轻度潮热妇女SAS和SDS得分均高(SAS:46.4±7.9 vs 38.8±6.6;SDS:43.9±6.9 vs 52.7±12.5,P均<0.05)。潮热妇女的月经状况与SAS和SDS得分无关。结论:围绝经期潮热妇女易发生焦虑、抑郁症状,且重度潮热妇女更易发生。对妇女进行潮热治疗时,还应对妇女进行心理疏导。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between hot flashes and anxiety and depression in women before and after perimenopause. Methods: A total of 1 206 eligible women aged 40-60 years were divided into hot flashes group and no hot flashes group, and questionnaires were completed respectively. Specific content of the questionnaire, including general conditions, hot flashes, anxiety self-rating scale (SAS), depression self-rating scale (SDS). Results: The average SAS and SDS scores of women in hot flashes group were higher than those in infants without hot flashes (SAS: 39.8 ± 7.3 vs 36.0 ± 6.1; SDS: 44.1 ± 8.3 vs 40.9 ± 8.9, P <0.05) The incidence of anxiety and depression were significantly higher than those in the no-hot group (anxiety: 8.3% vs 3.4%; depression: 23.3% vs 14.2%, P <0.05). The incidence of anxiety and depression in hot flashes women were 4.1 times (95% CI, 1.20 ~ 13.74) and 2.4 times (95% CI, 1.15 ~ 4.92), respectively, for infants without hot flashes. SAS and SDS scores were higher for women with mild hot flashes than those with mild hot flashes (SAS: 46.4 ± 7.9 vs 38.8 ± 6.6; SDS: 43.9 ± 6.9 vs 52.7 ± 12.5, P <0.05). The menstrual status of hot flashes women has nothing to do with SAS and SDS scores. Conclusion: Women with hot flashes during perimenopausal period are prone to anxiety and depression, and women with severe hot flashes are more likely to develop anxiety and depression. Women should be mentally counseled when treating hot flashes.