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In order to study the molecular immune-pathological mechanism of spontaneous abortion (SA), immunohistochemistry techniques were used to detect the FasL expression of first trimester trophoblast in the SA patients and normal controls. High precise color-image measure system for immuno-histochemistry (HPIS) was used to determine the quantity of FasL expression. The results showed that the scale and intensity of FasL expression on the trophoblasts in SA group were significantly lower than in the control group. It is indicated that abnormal expression of FasL on trophoblasts, which damages the immunological tolerance between mother and fetus, may be one of the important mechanisms of development of SA. To induce the expression of FasL or to regulate the immunological tolerance will be a new way to treat SA.