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奖与罚,在教育过程中都在有意地无意地广泛运用着。如我们每天批改作业的一个“√”与一个“×”,一句“很好”与一句“重做”;与学生谈话中的一个微笑与一个冷面……等等,都是对学生的不同程度的奖与罚。奖与罚之所以如此广泛地被运用于教育中,这是因为教育者普遍地接受奖与罚是管理学生、促进学生学习的有效方法的基本观念。近年来,随着改革开放的不断深入,教育中经常运用的奖与罚也出现了新的变化,许多教育工作者都引进了新的奖罚手段,但在使用时出现了一些违反教育心理的不正常现象,引起了不良的效果。
Prizes and penalties are widely and intentionally and widely used in the education process. For example, one “√” and one “x”, one sentence of “good” and one sentence of “redo”, and a smile and a cold noodle in conversation with students are all examples of students’ differences Degree of award and punishment. The reason why awards and penalties are so widely used in education is that educators generally accept awards and punishments as the basic idea of effective ways to manage students and promote their learning. In recent years, with the continuous deepening of reform and opening up, awards and punishments frequently used in education have undergone new changes. Many educators have introduced new means of rewards and punishments. However, some violated educational psychology Abnormal phenomenon, caused a bad effect.