出于宣扬儒学理念、以资借鉴的撰写目的,古代史书在载录女性时,秉持的才德标准都较为单一:德行则重贞烈孝顺,才华则重相夫教子,这导致历史文本中的女性形象多趋于端庄、刻板。20世纪大量墓志的出土,让我们有幸重睹中古女性活色生香的另一面,并认识到传统史料所强调的才德观并不能掩蔽时人动态、多元的价值取向。以《王士良妻董荣晖墓志》为例,这位北周普通官员的妻子,在传统史籍中不见只言片语的记载。但依托志文,她的生平、德行,乃至精湛的才艺、享受的娱乐一一跃然纸上,有助于刷新我们对中古女性生活图景的认识。更为珍贵的是,志文还传达出了一种迥异于史书模式的女性才德观。 For the purpose of promoting Confucianism and writing lessons for reference, the ancient history books have a single standard of virtue when they record women: virtuous people have a strong respect for filial piety and talent, Image tends to be more dignified and stereotyped. The unearthing of a large number of epitaphs in the 20th century made us fortunate to witness the other side of the living color and fragrance of the ancient women and realized that the ethics of morality emphasized by traditional historical materials can not mask the dynamic and diverse values ​​of people. Taking the epitaph of “Wang Shiliang’s wife Dong Ronghui” as an example, the wife of the ordinary official of the North Zhou Dynasty did not find a single word in the traditional history books. However, relying on Zhiwen, her life, virtue, and even superb talent, enjoying the entertainment one by one on the paper, help refresh our understanding of the ancient women’s life scene. More valuable is that Chi also conveyed a very different style of history books female virtue.