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本世纪20年代,功能学派产生于英国,其后三十年间在全世界广为流传,在人类学发展史上具有深远的影响。30年代,功能学派在吴文藻、布朗、费孝通等人的大力推介下传入中国,同国内的社会学中国化运动相结合,取得了丰硕的研究成果。本文拟在简要介绍功能学派的基本观点基础上,详细论述功能学派在中国的传播、应用和改造过程,通过回顾和反思,为中国学术界同世界学术界接轨提供一些可资借鉴的经验。
In the 1920s, the functionalist school was born in England. It was widely circulated around the world in the following 30 years and had a profound influence in the history of anthropology. In the 1930s, functional schools were introduced into China under the vigorous promotion of Wu Wenzao, Brown, Fei Xiaotong and others, and combined with the nationalization of China’s sociology of social science, they achieved fruitful research results. Based on a brief introduction of the basic concepts of functionalism, this paper discusses in detail the process of the spread, application and transformation of functionalism in China. Through reviewing and reflection, this paper provides some lessons for Chinese academia and the world academia.